Policies and practices in VET

GLAD is bridging policy and action 

Policy analysis

What is the Torino Process?

The Torino Process is a periodical review of policies and practices in vocational education and training (VET) in support of learners and their participation in society and the labour market. It is carried out by the partner countries of the European Training Foundation (ETF) in South Eastern Europe (including Türkiye), Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean. 

Read more: Torino Process 

What is Osnabrück Declaration 2020?

The Osnabrück Declaration sets out policy actions for the 2021–25 period, in support of the Council Recommendation on VET for sustainable competitiveness, social fairness and resilience, with a focus on:

• resilience and excellence through quality, inclusive and flexible VET;
• a new lifelong learning culture – relevance of continuing VET and digitalisation;
• sustainability – a green link in VET;
• the European Education and Training Area and international VET.

Read more: Osnabrück Declaration

The latest country briefs, focusing on policy developments in 2023, are available for Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and  Türkiye. 

Action-oriented practice

North Macedonia's steps to improve its VET system: https://www.etf.europa.eu/en/news-and-events/news/30-years-30-stories-north-macedonia-advancing-vocational-education-and

'In recent years, VET has been high on the agenda of education policy makers and institutions. The successful implementation of dual education, a key milestone, has paved the way for a comprehensive policy that addresses the need for more attractive, relevant and harmonised VET with labour market needs,' says Goran Spasovski, Director General for Vocational Education and Training (DGVT) for the Republic of North Macedonia.  

Read more: Reforming skills and education policy for a brighter future