The transfer of knowledge and skills is at the heart of the educational process, and professional excellence centers have contributed to this through peer-to-peer learning activities. In my view, a larger number of teams from each country are needed to form a group that maintains regular communication and meetings to discuss progress, new developments, and prepare an agenda of emerging challenges for discussion with peer team members.
Regarding curriculum development, since the establishment of applied technological education in Egypt in 2018, the foundations of the curriculum have been laid by industry partners. Companies provide a model of the knowledge, skills, and behaviors required for all the jobs in their upcoming five-year plan, and the Ministry of Education transforms these models into a competency-based curriculum that is taught and implemented in student training over three years.