Learning theories
For several decades now, it has been argued that activating learners in the learning process, so that they construct conceptual knowledge and understanding themselves, is more effective than lecturing and instructing alone. In instructional science, three main instructional theories are generally discerned: behaviourism, connectionism and constructivism (Ertmer & Newby, 1993; 2013; Valcke, 2010).
Each of these learning theories has its own answers to questions about...