Background
The European qualifications framework (EQF) was adopted in 2008 and revised in 2017. It has significantly contributed to increasing transparency, comparability and portability of qualifications across Europe.
It has also triggered the development of learning-outcomes-based national qualifications frameworks (NQFs) in most of the 41 countries participating in the EQF process. Countries are working towards improving the way NQFs are included as main features of education and...